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"As the Founder and President of KOCOL LLC, a HUBZone-certified, Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business (SDVOSB), I'd like to sign an Other Transaction Authority (OTA) agreement, during the U.S. Department of Energy's 2019 Pittsburgh Small Business Conference, with the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), for the manufacturing of my Portable Kocol Coal to Oil & CO2 to Methanol Plants (TM) invention." John M. Kocol, 3/29/19
We will construct 100 BPD to 500 BPD coal to oil plants that will also convert the CO2 to methanol.
John M. Kocol is the first person in the coal to oil (liquids) industry to call for making converting coal to oil (CoalToOil.com) a clean process by calling on coal, oil and gas companies to take the enormous amounts of CO2 that coal to oil creates, and then to convert the CO2 to methanol (CO2toMethanol.com). He wrote about converting CO2 to methanol at his CO2toMethanol.com website 3 years before that technology even became commercialized in Iceland.
Synthetic fuels could eliminate entire U.S. need for crude oil, create 'new economy,' by John Sullivan, News at Princeton, 11/27/12
KOCOL ACM ENERGY INDEPENDENCE PLAN:
John M. Kocol seeks American, Canadian and Mexican energy independence via financial banking ideas about integrating the American and Mexican banking systems (now the American, Canadian, and Mexican energy systems) from his ALM Harvard Master's Thesis: "Federal Reserve Expansion in Mexico," Dr. John Womack Jr. was Thesis Director, by manufacturing his Portable Kocol Coal to Oil & CO2 to Methanol Plants (TM). He'll then sell M30 fuel at his ACM FUEL filling stations which will be located throughout America, Canada and Mexico. Energy independence will result without making any significant changes to our energy infrastructure.
KOCOL COAL TO OIL AND CO2 TO METHANOL PLANT
(no longer applicable) solar & geothermal--> 1 ton of coal--> 3 to 4 barrels of oil & CO2--> methanol
John M. Kocol will use commercialized Direct Coal Liquefaction (DCL) technology and commercialized CO2 to methanol technology in the United States, Canada and Northern Mexico to build his Kocol coal to oil plants that will also convert carbon dioxide to methanol. A Kocol coal to oil plant is revolutionary because of all the known coal to oil processes, including Fischer-Tropsch, a Kocol coal to oil plant yields 3 to 4 barrels of oil per 1 ton of coal, and a Kocol coal to oil plant also converts the carbon dioxide to methanol instead of using unsafe carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technology. There are no other commercial coal to oil plants in the world that can yield 3 to 4 barrels of oil from only 1 ton of coal, and also convert the CO2 to methanol using solar energy.
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Synonymous coal-to-oil terms: coal conversion, coal gasification, coal hydrogenation, coal liquefaction, coal-to-crude oil, coal-to-diesel, coal-to-fuel, coal-to-gas, coal-to-liquid fuel, coal-to-liquids (CTL), coal-to-oil, coal-to-petroleum, liquid coal, methanol-to-gasoline (MTG), underground coal gasification (UCG).
Did you know that oil can be made from coal? According to former Department of Energy (DOE) scientist Richard Wolfe, "oil also can be extracted from coal. In fact, oil extraction is the first step toward producing diesel fuel and then gas. Coal is oil before it becomes coal." (Bristol Herald Courier, June 8, 2008, "Inventor Claims To Have Developed ‘Super Clean’ Coal" by Michael Owens).
John M. Kocol wrote about using deep unmineable coal seams for underground coal gasification (UCG) (coal2oil conversion process that takes place underground) in What's Next In Science & Technology: "Storing carbon dioxide in deep coal seams could also provide useful methane gas,"06/27/07.
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS
Below courtesy CleanCoal.com.au: Coal to Oil [CoalToOil.com] (Coal 2 Oil) Explained. The lack of stability in the Middle East and demand pressures from India and China has caused dramatic increases in the price of oil which has affected the global economy. However there are alternative resources that can be used for the production of oil – the main ones being black and brown coal. It just so happens that Australia and particularly the Latrobe Valley and Gippsland Basin in Victoria have some 500+ years of low cost, low sulfur, high moisture Brown Coal that is ideal for (coal2oil) conversion to quality gasoline, aviation fuel and carbon fibers.
The history of "Coal 2 Oil" is not unlike the VHS v Beta phenomena whereby Beta had the best tape product but marketing and circumstances of the day lead VHS to dominate as the commercial product of choice. In coal-to-oil (coal2oil) there are two main technologies – 1) Fischer-Tropsch (VHS) & 2) Bergius Hydrogenation (Beta) ECT’s unique de-watering ‘Coldry’ process is applicable to both (coal to oil) technologies; however we are proposing to pursue the 2nd and less popular coal-to-oil (coal2oil) Hydrogenation process which has been developed by the Japanese after many years of testing using Brown Coal from the Latrobe Valley (1988-95). Why are we choosing the less proven (coal to oil) process? The reported differences between the (coal2oil) processes show that Hydrogenation has a higher yield of petroleum per tonne of coal, lower cost and lower greenhouse output than its Fischer-Tropsch (coal to oil) counterpart.
Below is an outline of the general (coal2oil) processes and the different products produced: Fischer – Tropsch (coal to oil) Synthesis (as used by SASOL South Africa) Fischer – Tropsch Natural SynGas (GTL) Fischer – Tropsch BTL (Biomass to Liquid) Fischer – Tropsch CTL Coal to Liquid (coal2oil) Bergius Hydrogenation Process (Liquefaction "coal2oil" Japanese Style) Coal To Liquids (CTL) (coal to oil) v Current Crude Oil Refineries CTL (coal to oil) Production Costs Latest News -
Japan Ready to Move on Coal Liquefaction (coal2oil) Fischer – Tropsch Synthesis. This (coal2oil) technology evolved in 1925 when Professor Franz Fischer, founding director of the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institute of Coal Research in Germany and his head of department, Dr Hans Tropsch, patented a (coal to oil) process to produce liquid hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen using metal catalysts.
The hydrocarbons synthesized in the process were made primarily of liquid alkenes (paraffin’s). Other by-products were olefins (basis of all poly plastics & fibers), alcohols, and solid paraffin’s (waxes). The required gas mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen - the so called synthesis gas - is created through a reaction of coke or coal with steam and oxygen, at temperatures over 900 degrees C.
In the past, town gas and gas for lamps were a carbon monoxide-hydrogen mixture, made by gasifying coke in gas works. In the 1970’s it was replaced with imported natural gas (methane).
Coal gasification (coal2oil) and Fischer-Tropsch (German coal2oil conversion process) hydrocarbon synthesis together bring about a two-stage sequence of reactions which allows the production (conversion of coal to oil) of liquid fuels like diesel and petrol out of solid combustible black coal. For indirect coal liquefaction (coal2oil), Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis can be used on all types of coal as well as other raw materials which contain coal.
Fischer-Tropsch (turning coal-to-oil [CoalToOil.com]) Synthesis took its first serious place in industry in 1935 at Celanese AG chemical company. By the beginning of the 1940s, some 600,000 tonnes of liquid hydrocarbons were produced per year in German facilities, made from coal using Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis.
Just prior to WW II Germany licensed the (coal2oil) process to four facilities in Japan, as well as a plant in France and in Manchuria. After WW II, the destruction of most of the (coal2oil) production plants and competition from Middle East crude oil made petrol production from coal unprofitable.
The only new (coal to oil) production facilities built were in South Africa in 1950 in Sasolburg (hence the brand name SASOL). These (coal to oil) plants were government backed for political reasons (the apartheid era).
Currently, the two (coal-to-oil) plants operated by SASOL represent about 28 % of South Africa's diesel and petrol needs, processing some 45 million tonnes of black coal per year. Fischer – Tropsch Natural SynGas (GTL) Syngas can also be created from natural gas and is less costly than making it from coal.
Since 1993, Shell in Malaysia (Bintulu) and PetroSA in South Africa (Mossel Bay) have been operating industrial (coal2oil) Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis facilities, which produce liquid fuels from syngas (Gas To Liquid, GTL).
A third similar plant is being built by SASOL and Qatar Petroleum in Qatar in the Persian Gulf. In 2005, nine more GTL-facilities were being planned world-wide; most of them using Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. Fischer – Tropsch BTL (Biomass to Liquid)
For a number of years German companies have been developing processes to create liquid fuels from biomass (Biomass to Liquid, BTL) the most notable among them being Future Energy GmbH which uses Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. The syngas is produced from wood, straw, and other raw materials of plant origin. Fischer – Tropsch CTL (Coal to Liquid).
In 2006 (in 2011 many more coal2oil plants are being planned) the first US coal-to-diesel production facility is planned in Gilberton, Pennsylvania (ultracleanfuels.com). It will use indirect coal liquefaction (CTL), via coal gasification and Fischer-Tropsch.
China, too, has been investing in (coal to oil) technology using indirect Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis / black coal. Significantly in 2002 China began planning a commercial coal liquefaction (coal2oil) plant using the Japanese version of the Bergius /coal hydrogenation (coal2oil) process in Inner Mongolia with commissioning expected in 2008. Bergius Hydrogenation Process (Liquefaction Japanese Style)
The second method (direct coal liquefaction "coal2oil") was invented a few years before Fischer-Tropsch, in 1913 in Hanover by Friedrich Bergius. Coal hydrogenation (coal2oil), aka coal liquefaction (coal to oil), involves converting coal into an oil (like crude oil), that can be processed in refineries to make petrol.
The Bergius (coal to oil) process, however, works best with Brown Coal and "geologically young" black coal.
(Coal To Oil) v Current Crude Oil Refineries Coal liquefaction by whichever route, is capital intensive and therefore benefits substantially from economies of scale.
Most studies on process economics have assumed that a full-scale commercial (coal2oil) plant would produce 50,000 - 100,000 bbl/day of liquid products. Such a
plant would process 15,000 - 35,000 tonnes/day of black coal or up to double that amount of brown coal.
Since coal is more difficult to transport than oil, it would, as a general principle, be better for coal-to-oil (CoalToOil.com) to be carried out in the country of origin and preferably close to the resource.
(Coal to oil) Production Costs The use of the Hydrogenation (coal to oil) process and low cost brown coal (USD $4/t) and ECT’s front end ‘Coldry’ drying / de-watering process is predicted to achieve a (coal2oil) production cost of around USD$25 - $30 per barrel (crude oil equivalent) which is a remarkable improvement over the last couple of decades costs.
Production costs for the Fischer-Tropsch (coal to oil) process using mainly black coal are purported to be around USD$40+/barrel.
Latest News - Japan Ready to Move on Coal Liquefaction (coal2oil) The following information comes from NEDOL Japan who did much of this work in the Latrobe Valley, Victoria. Announcement on June 12 in Tokyo advised: “Japan plans to provide Asian nations – particularly China – with the technology to liquefy coal (convert coal to oil) as part of a broader effort to reduce global dependence on crude oil.”
Through NEDOL they will join with Chinese (coal to oil conversion) companies (including Shenhua) “and plan to have a (coal2oil) plant operating by around 2010.” “Construction costs are estimated at 100b Yen (USD877m).” “Japan has also entered into (coal2oil) talks with the Indonesian government”… “Japan was also considering operating (coal to oil plants) in India and Mongolia.”
FAQ
Q: How much coal is needed to make 1 barrel of oil?
A: It all depends on the quality of the coal.
Q: Why use coal-to-oil or CO2-to-Methanol conversion instead of ethanol?
A: Alternative sources (ethanol, wind, water) are unreliable. Please read Harvard Magazine, November-December 2006, "The Ethanol Illusion" by Michael B. McElroy, and U.S. News & World Report, Feb. 12, 2007, "Overselling Ethanol" by Marianne Lavelle and Bret Schulte. Also see the Pickens Plan which supports converting coal to oil. Converting
coal to oil is now cheaper, and the coal to oil technology is more efficient.
With increased ethanol demand, a food price spike has followed. Therefore, the solution to the predicament that we find ourselves in is to find a way to make more clean energy without using food. Turning coal-to-oil and carbon dioxide-to-methanol is the way to make more clean fuel.
Using ethanol which is a corn based fuel for transportation is one of the reasons why we have a global food crisis. According to India's finance minister Palaniappan Chidambaram, "When millions of people are going hungry, it's a crime against humanity that food should be diverted to biofuels." Washington Times, April 23, 2008, "Not by bread alone" by Arnaud de Borchgrave. Also read Washington Times, May 6, 2008, "The rise and fall of ethanol" by Times editorial staff.
Q: How many gallons are there in 1 metric ton of gasoline?
A: 380 gallons = 1 MT of gasoline.